If weight and balance calculations indicate being over the maximum gross takeoff weight, what can be done?

When weight and balance calculations indicate that an aircraft is exceeding its maximum gross takeoff weight, reducing fuel or baggage is the most effective and immediate option to correct the issue.

Fuel is a significant contributing factor to the overall weight of the aircraft. By reducing the amount of fuel which will be on board for the flight, you can bring the total weight back within the safe limits established by the manufacturer. Additionally, baggage also significantly adds to the aircraft's weight. Therefore, by managing the amount of baggage loaded into the aircraft, it becomes easier to achieve compliance with weight restrictions.

While reducing the number of passengers could also be a viable option to decrease weight, it may not always be practical, especially if the flight is already booked or if passengers are essential for the operation. Delaying the flight until conditions improve does not address the weight issue at hand, as a delay does not change the current loading situation. Taking off despite the warning is not a safe or acceptable action, as exceeding the maximum gross takeoff weight can lead to serious flight safety issues, affecting the aircraft's performance, controllability, and safety margins.

Thus, taking action to reduce fuel or baggage ensures the flight can be conducted safely and within the prescribed limits.